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Mexico - Political System and History
Present day Mexico is quickly becoming a very urbanized and modern country. Economic growth has occurred within all relevant sectors; still, poverty is rampant. Within the last five years:
- 75% of the populace resides in cities - Economy has surpassed the Trillion dollar mark - Now has the 12th largest GDP in the world - Is among the top 5 worldwide in gas and oil production - Has 7 billionaires, yet 21% of the population is below the poverty line
These numbers present a marked contrast. There is wealth in Mexico and the economy is growing, yet at the same time it is still ravaged by stagnancy in terms of poverty levels.
Current political system and Government are closely modeled to their US neighbors; execution and reality of the system are vastly different than they appear. The President of Mexico has an extraordinary amount of power and one lone party has ruled Mexico for decades - the PRI party. The opposition, the PAN party, has held control of the executive branch since 2000, loosening the grip of the PRI and serving as a hallmark of the effort to move Mexico's political system towards adoption of a multi-party democratic system.
Timeline of Political History
- 1519: The Spanish arrive; under the rule of General Cortes the Spaniards subjugate the Aztecs with little to no resistance. Notable - The Spanish believed in "White Gods" who would arrive to support their efforts.
- The Spaniards brought Catholicism and a new political model and took precious metals to fund their wars and crusades in other parts of the world.
- Mexico regained independence in 1821; the following 56 years saw numerous rebellions, uprisings, a war with America and rampant political instability.
- Porfirio Diaz gained power in 1877; he remained in power until 1911.
- During his reign political stability was achieved, national income levels increased and settlers were able to gain land.
- Economic growth gave way to absolute rule; Porfirio promised democracy but he easily defeated his rival, Francisco Madero, in the 1910 election.
- Madero claimed that the election was corrupt; he called for revolt and Mexico was in revolution once again. Diaz, meanwhile, fled to France as an exile while a civil war erupted in Mexico.
- Madero was unable to stabilize the political climate and was assassinated as three groups emerged and were led by Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata, Venustiano Carranza.
- The three group leaders plunged Mexico into a civil war.
- The death toll of the war was over one million dead.
- Both Villa and Zapata were assassinated. These two incidents led to the eventual presidency of the surviving Carranza.
- In 1917 a new constitution was created. Details of this new constitution included: government redistribution of land, collective bargaining rights granted to labor forces, return of the church to the state and removal of foreign business interests.
- The Partido Revolucionario Institucianal - the "PRI" - party was formed in 1929 and with it, order was restored.
- The "PRI" governed Mexico until December of 2000.
- 75% of the populace resides in cities - Economy has surpassed the Trillion dollar mark - Now has the 12th largest GDP in the world - Is among the top 5 worldwide in gas and oil production - Has 7 billionaires, yet 21% of the population is below the poverty line
These numbers present a marked contrast. There is wealth in Mexico and the economy is growing, yet at the same time it is still ravaged by stagnancy in terms of poverty levels.
Current political system and Government are closely modeled to their US neighbors; execution and reality of the system are vastly different than they appear. The President of Mexico has an extraordinary amount of power and one lone party has ruled Mexico for decades - the PRI party. The opposition, the PAN party, has held control of the executive branch since 2000, loosening the grip of the PRI and serving as a hallmark of the effort to move Mexico's political system towards adoption of a multi-party democratic system.
Timeline of Political History
- 1519: The Spanish arrive; under the rule of General Cortes the Spaniards subjugate the Aztecs with little to no resistance. Notable - The Spanish believed in "White Gods" who would arrive to support their efforts.
- The Spaniards brought Catholicism and a new political model and took precious metals to fund their wars and crusades in other parts of the world.
- Mexico regained independence in 1821; the following 56 years saw numerous rebellions, uprisings, a war with America and rampant political instability.
- Porfirio Diaz gained power in 1877; he remained in power until 1911.
- During his reign political stability was achieved, national income levels increased and settlers were able to gain land.
- Economic growth gave way to absolute rule; Porfirio promised democracy but he easily defeated his rival, Francisco Madero, in the 1910 election.
- Madero claimed that the election was corrupt; he called for revolt and Mexico was in revolution once again. Diaz, meanwhile, fled to France as an exile while a civil war erupted in Mexico.
- Madero was unable to stabilize the political climate and was assassinated as three groups emerged and were led by Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata, Venustiano Carranza.
- The three group leaders plunged Mexico into a civil war.
- The death toll of the war was over one million dead.
- Both Villa and Zapata were assassinated. These two incidents led to the eventual presidency of the surviving Carranza.
- In 1917 a new constitution was created. Details of this new constitution included: government redistribution of land, collective bargaining rights granted to labor forces, return of the church to the state and removal of foreign business interests.
- The Partido Revolucionario Institucianal - the "PRI" - party was formed in 1929 and with it, order was restored.
- The "PRI" governed Mexico until December of 2000.
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